Read 22-2 and answer the first 3 questions. Then read Chapter 23-1 through page 696 and answer the remaining 4 questions. Please post your answers to your blog. These are due at the beginning of your next class.
Title: FDR & the New Deal Labels: Dust_Bowl, FDR, fireside_chats, Great_Depression
1. Describe how people struggled to survive during the depression.
People lost their jobs, were evicted from their homes and ended up on the streets. People had to sleep in parks and cover themselves with things like newspaper to fight the cold. Shantytowns were made, which was a bunch of little shacks made out of scrap material. People waited in bread lines and soup kitchens for hours to get food.
2. How was what happened to men during the Great Depression different from what happened to women? Children?
Men had trouble coping with unemployment because they were used to working every day and supporting their families, everyday men went out searching for jobs. Some men could not handle it and gave up and left their families. There was up to 300,000 hoboes wandering around in the 1930s. Women were different then men because they worked hard to help their families survive adversity in the great depression. A lot of women canned food and sewed clothing. Some women worked outside of the home and they usually received a lot less money than men did. People believed that women had no right to work when there was unemployed men. Women would starve because they were too ashamed to admit their hardships. What happened to children in the Great depression was different then what happened to men because with no money for health care and bad eating habits, a lot of children became sick. Thousands of children were forced to work in sweatshops with bad conditions.
3. Describe the causes and effects (on people) because of the Dust Bowl.
Causes of the Dust Bowl: Farmers used tractors to break up the grasslands and plant millions of acres of new farmland. Plowing eliminated the thick protective layer of prairie grass. Farmers had worn the crops out by overproduction and left the fields unsuitable for farming. When the drought and wind picked up in the 1930's, there was nothing to keep the soil down. Wind scattered the topsoil and the dust traveled hundreds of miles.
Effects of dust bowl on people: Plagued by dust storms,many farmers and sharecroppers were forced to leave their land. Most of them headed west on route 66. By the end of the 1930s hundreds of thousands of families that were on farms moved out to California.
Objective: Summarize the initial steps Franklin D. Roosevelt took to reform banking and finance.
4. What was the New Deal and its three general goals? (The 3 Rs)
The New Deal was a program designed to alleviate the problems of the Great Depression and it's general goals were..
A. Relief for the needy
B. Economic recovery
C. Financial Reform
5. What did Roosevelt do during the Hundred Days?
Congress passed more than fifteen major pieces of New Deal legislation. The laws significantly expanded the federal government's role in the nations economy. His first step as president was to carry out reforms in banking.
6. Why were Roosevelt's fireside chats significant?
Roosevelt's fireside chats were significant because it made Americans feel as if the president was talking directly to them.
7. Describe four significant agencies and/or bills that tightened regulation of banking and finance.
Glass-Steagall Act- Established the federal Deposit Insurance Agency which provided federal insurance for individual bank accounts up to $5000.
Federal Securiteis Act- Required corporations to provide complete information on all stock offerings and made them liable for any misrepresentations.
Agricultural Adjustment Act- sought to raise crop prices by lowering production, which the government achieved by paying farmers to leave a certain amount of crop unseeded.
National Industrial Recovery Act- Provided money to states to create jobs chiefly in the construction of schools and other community buildings.
Sunday, January 31, 2010
Wednesday, January 27, 2010
Causes of the Great Depression Outline
Prompt: To what extent was the Wall Street Crash a cause of the Great Depression of 1929? Support your argument with specific examples.
Example of the outline structure:
Thesis
I. Main Point 1
a. Evidence 1 that supports Main Point 1
i. further supporting details
b. Evidence 2 that supports Main Point 1
II. Main Point 2.... and so on.
Thesis: The Wall Street Crash was a significant cause of the Great Depression because it was a big cycle, when the stocks went down, it affected other businesses and people, but there were other factors that caused the great depression because there was numerous factors that caused the Wall Street Crash like stock market speculation and the mass production of farming products.
I. Stock Market Speculation
Stock Market Speculation was a cause of the Great Depression because people were buying stocks with money they did not have, the money they paid the stocks for was money that was an estimate on how much they would get off of that particular stock over a period of time.
The speculation was one of the factors that lead up to the Wall Street Crash because stocks were being bought without ever being paid for. They were paid off of estimates that the stock would make money and the stock brokers would be paid back with that money, but when the stocks did not go up, the stock brokers were never paid and it created problems in Wall Street.
II. Mass production of farming products
a. Wheat is an example of a farming product that was made way to much of. Most ffarmers bought expensive equipment and bought more land to make more crops, but after WWI there wasn't as high as a demand for farming products than there was during the war, so the farmers had more crops than they knew what to do with, and the cost of the products went down because so much of it was being produced.
i. When the farmers were making too much, they could not sell all of it, nobody would buy a lot of it because it became so cheap because there was so much of it that not all of it was needed, and most of the farmers were in debt, which led to the Great Depression.
III. Easy access to credit
a. People began to get credit, which seemed like a good idea at first but it did not work out after awhile. People were spending money that they didn't have, they put everything on credit and then once it was time to pay they did not have the money to pay it with.
i. This caused Wall Street to crash because everybody was in debt, they were using money that they did not have and once it was time to pay that money they used, it was not there, which caused Wall Street to Crash, which lead to the Great Depression of 1929.
Example of the outline structure:
Thesis
I. Main Point 1
a. Evidence 1 that supports Main Point 1
i. further supporting details
b. Evidence 2 that supports Main Point 1
II. Main Point 2.... and so on.
Thesis: The Wall Street Crash was a significant cause of the Great Depression because it was a big cycle, when the stocks went down, it affected other businesses and people, but there were other factors that caused the great depression because there was numerous factors that caused the Wall Street Crash like stock market speculation and the mass production of farming products.
I. Stock Market Speculation
Stock Market Speculation was a cause of the Great Depression because people were buying stocks with money they did not have, the money they paid the stocks for was money that was an estimate on how much they would get off of that particular stock over a period of time.
The speculation was one of the factors that lead up to the Wall Street Crash because stocks were being bought without ever being paid for. They were paid off of estimates that the stock would make money and the stock brokers would be paid back with that money, but when the stocks did not go up, the stock brokers were never paid and it created problems in Wall Street.
II. Mass production of farming products
a. Wheat is an example of a farming product that was made way to much of. Most ffarmers bought expensive equipment and bought more land to make more crops, but after WWI there wasn't as high as a demand for farming products than there was during the war, so the farmers had more crops than they knew what to do with, and the cost of the products went down because so much of it was being produced.
i. When the farmers were making too much, they could not sell all of it, nobody would buy a lot of it because it became so cheap because there was so much of it that not all of it was needed, and most of the farmers were in debt, which led to the Great Depression.
III. Easy access to credit
a. People began to get credit, which seemed like a good idea at first but it did not work out after awhile. People were spending money that they didn't have, they put everything on credit and then once it was time to pay they did not have the money to pay it with.
i. This caused Wall Street to crash because everybody was in debt, they were using money that they did not have and once it was time to pay that money they used, it was not there, which caused Wall Street to Crash, which lead to the Great Depression of 1929.
Sunday, January 24, 2010
1. What happened on "Black Tuesday"?
Black Tuesday was when the markets fell to dangerous levels. A lot of people lost savings and people who had stocks were in debt, millions of dollars were lost.
2. How did the economic trends of the 1920s in industry, agriculture, and with consumers help cause the Great Depression? (Make sure you include significant details about each area in your answer. It should be at least a paragraph)
The main industries in the 1920s were railroads, textiles, and steal and they all were barely making a profit. Mining and lumbering was no longer needed because the war was over. Boom industries such as automobiles and construction diminished. When housing starts declined, a lot of jobs were lost. Agriculture suffered the biggest loss, after the war, demand for wheat and corn went down tremendously. Farmers produced more but this just made things worse because it decreased the prices. By the 1920s, Americans were buying less. Mainly because the prices were so high and there was an unbalanced distribution of income.
3. According to your reading, what are the major causes of the Great Depression?
The major causes of the Great Depression were that major industries like railroads and steel struggled, farmers grew more crops and harvested more livestock than they could sell for a profit, consumers and farmers were going into debt, prices were raised, the unbalanced distribution of wages, and overbuying of credit on previous years.
4. What was Hoover’s philosophy of government?
Hoover believed that one of government's chief functions was to foster cooperation between competing groups in society. Government's role was to facilitate and encourage cooperation, not to force it. He opposed any form of federal welfare.
5. What was Hoover’s initial reaction to the stock market crash of 1929?
He called together key leaders in the fields of business, banking, and labor. He urged them to work together to find solutions to the nation's economic woes. He also created an organization to help private charities generate contributions to the poor.
6. What was the nation’s economic situation in 1930?
It was very poor, the industries lost a lot of money, the agriculture overproduced so much so that the cost for wheat and corn went way down, and the prices of everything went way up, the economy was decreases rapidly in 1930.
7. How did voters in 1930 respond to this situation?
They were furious. The voters were making less money and they were cheated out because the wages were not fair, the economic situation was screwing with voters and it angered them.
8. What did Hoover do about the economic situation?
He signed into law the Federal Home Loan Bank Act which lowered mortgage rates for home owners and and allowed farmers to refinance their loans and avoid foreclosure. He also passed the Reconstruction Finance corporation that authorized up to two billion dollars for emergency financing for banks.
9. How did the economy respond to his efforts?
It responded negatively, despite all of the work and money that went into the RFC and the Federal Home Loan Bank Act, poverty continued, and the depression grew.
Black Tuesday was when the markets fell to dangerous levels. A lot of people lost savings and people who had stocks were in debt, millions of dollars were lost.
2. How did the economic trends of the 1920s in industry, agriculture, and with consumers help cause the Great Depression? (Make sure you include significant details about each area in your answer. It should be at least a paragraph)
The main industries in the 1920s were railroads, textiles, and steal and they all were barely making a profit. Mining and lumbering was no longer needed because the war was over. Boom industries such as automobiles and construction diminished. When housing starts declined, a lot of jobs were lost. Agriculture suffered the biggest loss, after the war, demand for wheat and corn went down tremendously. Farmers produced more but this just made things worse because it decreased the prices. By the 1920s, Americans were buying less. Mainly because the prices were so high and there was an unbalanced distribution of income.
3. According to your reading, what are the major causes of the Great Depression?
The major causes of the Great Depression were that major industries like railroads and steel struggled, farmers grew more crops and harvested more livestock than they could sell for a profit, consumers and farmers were going into debt, prices were raised, the unbalanced distribution of wages, and overbuying of credit on previous years.
4. What was Hoover’s philosophy of government?
Hoover believed that one of government's chief functions was to foster cooperation between competing groups in society. Government's role was to facilitate and encourage cooperation, not to force it. He opposed any form of federal welfare.
5. What was Hoover’s initial reaction to the stock market crash of 1929?
He called together key leaders in the fields of business, banking, and labor. He urged them to work together to find solutions to the nation's economic woes. He also created an organization to help private charities generate contributions to the poor.
6. What was the nation’s economic situation in 1930?
It was very poor, the industries lost a lot of money, the agriculture overproduced so much so that the cost for wheat and corn went way down, and the prices of everything went way up, the economy was decreases rapidly in 1930.
7. How did voters in 1930 respond to this situation?
They were furious. The voters were making less money and they were cheated out because the wages were not fair, the economic situation was screwing with voters and it angered them.
8. What did Hoover do about the economic situation?
He signed into law the Federal Home Loan Bank Act which lowered mortgage rates for home owners and and allowed farmers to refinance their loans and avoid foreclosure. He also passed the Reconstruction Finance corporation that authorized up to two billion dollars for emergency financing for banks.
9. How did the economy respond to his efforts?
It responded negatively, despite all of the work and money that went into the RFC and the Federal Home Loan Bank Act, poverty continued, and the depression grew.
Thursday, January 7, 2010
The Twenties Woman
Read Chapter 21-2 and answer the following questions. These are due by 3:10 p.m. Friday.
Title: The Twenties Woman Labels: 1920s, women's_rights
1. Note two ways women's fashions changed.
Some women wore bright waistless dresses an inch above the knees and some wore whalebone corsets. Another way women changed their fashion is the twenties is that young women cut their long hair into boyish bobs.
2. Note two ways women's social behavior changed.
A lot of women became more aggressive. Some women began to smoke cigarettes, drink in public, and talk openly about sex, which would have been unacceptable not to many years before.
3. Note two words that describe the attitude reflected by these changes.
Flapper- an emancipated young women that embraced the new fashions and urban attitudes of the day.
Double Standard- a set of principles granting greater sexual freedom to men than women.
4. Note one way women's work opportunities improved.
Some employers hired women even after WWI because women weren't paid as much. Many female college graduates took on woman professions. Before WWI, women were strictly house wives and mothers.
5. Note two ways women's home and family life improved.
New technological innovations and institutions took some of the workload that was done by women at home. Women experience greater equality in marriage and many of them became one with their husbands.
6. Note three negative effects that accompanied women's changing roles in the 1920s.
Women had trouble controlling unruly adolescents. Although women were able to work more, they didn't get paid as much as men which meant that they were not equal and they were still very different. Women mostly had "women jobs" because they were unable to do men jobs because employers thought they were weak.
Title: The Twenties Woman Labels: 1920s, women's_rights
1. Note two ways women's fashions changed.
Some women wore bright waistless dresses an inch above the knees and some wore whalebone corsets. Another way women changed their fashion is the twenties is that young women cut their long hair into boyish bobs.
2. Note two ways women's social behavior changed.
A lot of women became more aggressive. Some women began to smoke cigarettes, drink in public, and talk openly about sex, which would have been unacceptable not to many years before.
3. Note two words that describe the attitude reflected by these changes.
Flapper- an emancipated young women that embraced the new fashions and urban attitudes of the day.
Double Standard- a set of principles granting greater sexual freedom to men than women.
4. Note one way women's work opportunities improved.
Some employers hired women even after WWI because women weren't paid as much. Many female college graduates took on woman professions. Before WWI, women were strictly house wives and mothers.
5. Note two ways women's home and family life improved.
New technological innovations and institutions took some of the workload that was done by women at home. Women experience greater equality in marriage and many of them became one with their husbands.
6. Note three negative effects that accompanied women's changing roles in the 1920s.
Women had trouble controlling unruly adolescents. Although women were able to work more, they didn't get paid as much as men which meant that they were not equal and they were still very different. Women mostly had "women jobs" because they were unable to do men jobs because employers thought they were weak.
Prohibition and the Scopes Trial
Do you think the passage of the Volstead Act and the ruling in the Scopes trial represented genuine triumphs for traditional values?
• changes in urban life in the 1920s
• the effects of Prohibition
• the legacy of the Scopes trial
I believe that both cases did not represent genuine trimuphs for traditional values. The passage from the Volstead Act took away American's rights. By prohibiting alcohol, a product loved by many, it creates chaos because it is something that even though it is banned, people will somehow find a way to bring it in to the United states and distribute it. In my opinion it is for the best that the Volstead Act was a complete failure of an agency. Although alcohol creates problems, it also plays a big role in the economy because it is such a popular product and when it was banned, it took away the rights of the people and there is no traditional values there.
The ruling in the Scopes trial was bogus. Teaching evolution is part of history, it is part of learning and it must be done. Opinions on how evolution started vary profusely, but it is up to the teacher to teach every one at an unbiased level. Traditional values lack in the ruling because the law does not make sense, it is controlling the way a teacher is able to teach which is unacceptable, there is no freedom when teachers begin to become limited to what they can do and are controlled by the government. A man that is fined one thousand dollars for teaching a subject is barbaric, it takes away the teacher's rights.
• changes in urban life in the 1920s
• the effects of Prohibition
• the legacy of the Scopes trial
I believe that both cases did not represent genuine trimuphs for traditional values. The passage from the Volstead Act took away American's rights. By prohibiting alcohol, a product loved by many, it creates chaos because it is something that even though it is banned, people will somehow find a way to bring it in to the United states and distribute it. In my opinion it is for the best that the Volstead Act was a complete failure of an agency. Although alcohol creates problems, it also plays a big role in the economy because it is such a popular product and when it was banned, it took away the rights of the people and there is no traditional values there.
The ruling in the Scopes trial was bogus. Teaching evolution is part of history, it is part of learning and it must be done. Opinions on how evolution started vary profusely, but it is up to the teacher to teach every one at an unbiased level. Traditional values lack in the ruling because the law does not make sense, it is controlling the way a teacher is able to teach which is unacceptable, there is no freedom when teachers begin to become limited to what they can do and are controlled by the government. A man that is fined one thousand dollars for teaching a subject is barbaric, it takes away the teacher's rights.
Monday, January 4, 2010
Americans Struggle with Postwar Issues
After World War I, many Americans feared that Communists would take over the country.
1. How did the Justice Department under A. Mitchell Palmer respond to this fear?
By invading people's homes who were suspected to be Communists, anarchists, or socialists and jailed them without trials.
2. Why did Palmer eventually lose his standing with the American public?
Palmer eventually lost his standing because his raids did not reveal any communism revolutions or bomb threats and some thought that he was just trying to get support for his campaign.
3. How did the Ku Klux Klan respond to this fear?
They responded to this fear by trying to get rid of the Roman Catholics, the Jews, African Americans, and other foreigners by using violence.
4. Why did the Klan eventually lose popularity and membership?
They eventually lost popularity and membership because of their criminal activity and violence.
5. Briefly describe how Sacco and Vanzetti became victims of the Red Scare.
They were victims of the Red Scare because they were Italians and they were accused of killing a man, although they had solid alibis and there was only little evidence implicating them, the judge was highly prejudice and convicted them.
Public opinion turned against labor unions as many Americans came to believe that unions encouraged communism.
6. Why was the strike by Boston police unpopular with the public?
Because "there is no right to strike against the public safety by anybody, anywhere, any time.".
7. Why did Massachusetts governor Calvin Coolidge become so popular?
Calvin Coolidge became so popular because he saved Boston from being unsafe from the polic strike.
8. Why was the strike at U.S. Steel unpopular?
Because the strikers were linked to communists and beaten by police. Their strike did not work.
9. How did President Wilson respond to the steel strike?
He responded to the steel strike by writing a plea to combative negotiators.
1. How did the Justice Department under A. Mitchell Palmer respond to this fear?
By invading people's homes who were suspected to be Communists, anarchists, or socialists and jailed them without trials.
2. Why did Palmer eventually lose his standing with the American public?
Palmer eventually lost his standing because his raids did not reveal any communism revolutions or bomb threats and some thought that he was just trying to get support for his campaign.
3. How did the Ku Klux Klan respond to this fear?
They responded to this fear by trying to get rid of the Roman Catholics, the Jews, African Americans, and other foreigners by using violence.
4. Why did the Klan eventually lose popularity and membership?
They eventually lost popularity and membership because of their criminal activity and violence.
5. Briefly describe how Sacco and Vanzetti became victims of the Red Scare.
They were victims of the Red Scare because they were Italians and they were accused of killing a man, although they had solid alibis and there was only little evidence implicating them, the judge was highly prejudice and convicted them.
Public opinion turned against labor unions as many Americans came to believe that unions encouraged communism.
6. Why was the strike by Boston police unpopular with the public?
Because "there is no right to strike against the public safety by anybody, anywhere, any time.".
7. Why did Massachusetts governor Calvin Coolidge become so popular?
Calvin Coolidge became so popular because he saved Boston from being unsafe from the polic strike.
8. Why was the strike at U.S. Steel unpopular?
Because the strikers were linked to communists and beaten by police. Their strike did not work.
9. How did President Wilson respond to the steel strike?
He responded to the steel strike by writing a plea to combative negotiators.
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